Muscle Library

Supraspinatus: Pain Pattern and Treatment

The supraspinatus sits along the top of the shoulder blade and starts the arm’s lift out to the side. Its documented pattern is a deep ache at the mid‑deltoid region of the outer shoulder, extending down the outside of the arm, at times reaching the outer elbow.

Anatomical illustration of the supraspinatus
The supraspinatus.

Attachments and action

Origin: The supraspinous fossa, above the spine of the scapula.

Insertion: The superior facet of the greater tubercle of the humerus.

Action: Initiation of shoulder abduction and compression of the humeral head into the socket, as part of the rotator cuff.

Referral pattern of the supraspinatus highlighted on a posterior figure
Referral zones rendered from the documented maps.

Where the pain is felt: Deep at the outer shoulder over the mid‑deltoid, running down the outside of the upper arm; a documented component reaches the outer elbow.

Common causes: Carrying heavy loads with the arm at the side, a strong dog on a leash, lifting overhead, a fall onto the shoulder, repetitive reaching.

Patients say: “A deep dull ache in my shoulder when I lift the arm.” Difficulty with the first part of raising the arm. Night ache lying on the affected side.

When to get evaluated: A fall followed by inability to lift the arm, or weakness that does not improve, gets imaging to rule out a rotator cuff tear before needling.

How this muscle is examined and treated

Examination tests the first arc of abduction and resisted lift, then maps the top of the shoulder blade for the points that reproduce the outer‑shoulder ache. The muscle lies deep under the trapezius; precise needling reaches it in the fossa. Assessment and treatment happen in the same visit.

Related conditions

Shoulder DysfunctionTendinitisSports & Performance Injuries

Explore the full Pain Finder

This page is educational. It describes muscle referral patterns commonly associated with pain; it does not diagnose your condition. Individual patterns vary. For evaluation of your specific pain, see a licensed clinician. Seek immediate medical care for emergencies. Eugene Baek, L.Ac. · New Jersey License 25MZ00080600

Not relief.
Resolution.

Out-of-Network Insurance Accepted: Anthem BCBS · Oxford · United Health Care · Cigna · Aetna · Self-Pay Available